Calendrier du 18 janvier 2018
PEPES (Paris Empirical Political Economics) Working Group
Du 18/01/2018 de 12:30 à 14:00
salle R2-01, campus Jourdan - 48 bd Jourdan 75014 Paris
LARREGUY Horacio (Havard University )
BREAKING CLIENTELISM OR REWARDING INCUMBENTS? EVIDENCE FROM AN URBAN TITLING PROGRAM IN MEXICO
écrit avec John Marshall and Laura Trucco.
TOM (Théorie, Organisation et Marchés) Lunch Seminar
Du 18/01/2018 de 12:30 à 13:30
salle R2-20, campus Jourdan - 48 bd Jourdan, 75014 Paris
PRADELSKI Bary (ETH Zurich)
Title: Micro influence and macro dynamics of opinion formation
écrit avec Bernhard Clemm von Hohenberg and Michael Maes
Session organisée par Francis Bloch (Paris 1/PSE)
Abstract:
Social media platforms, comment boards, and online market places have created unprecedented potential for social influence and resulting opinion dynamics such as polarization. We propose an encompassing model that captures competing micro-level theories of social influence. Conducting an online lab-in-the-field experiment, we observe that individual opinions shift linearly towards the mean of others' opinions. From this finding, we predict the macro-level opinion dynamics resulting from social influence. We test our predictions using data from another lab-in-the-field experiment and find that opinion polarization decreases in the presence of social influence. We corroborate these findings with large-scale field data.
Travail et économie publique externe
Du 18/01/2018 de 12:30 à 13:45
MARINESCU Ioana (University of Pennsylvania)
Labor market concentration
écrit avec Coauthors: Jose Azar and Marshall Steinbaum
A product market is concentrated when a few firms dominate the market. Similarly, a labor market is concentrated when a few firms dominate hiring in the market. Using data from the leading employment website CareerBuilder, we calculate labor market concentration for over 8,000 geographic-occupational labor markets in the US. Based on the DOJ-FTC horizontal merger guidelines, the average market is highly concentrated. Using a panel IV regression, we show that going from the 25th percentile to the 75th percentile in concentration is associated with a 17% decline in posted wages, suggesting that concentration increases labor market power.
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Behavior seminar
Du 18/01/2018 de 11:00 à 12:00
PSE 48 bld Jourdan, PARIS (75014) R2-21
NEBOUT Antoine (INRAE, PSAE)
Hunger Games II: Do Hunger Affects Risk Preferences?
écrit avec Lydia Ashton, Emmanuel Kemel
Abstract: Classic economic theory focuses on static and stable preferences. However, there is growing evidence that cognitive, emotional and visceral states (e.g. fatigue, stress or hunger) can mediate behavioral biases and shape preferences (DellaVigna, 2009). In particular, Symmonds & al. (2010) and Levy & al. (2013) provide evidence that risk attitudes fluctuate with metabolic states. In this paper, we follow this stream of research and propose an experimental design with a specific hunger manipulation mechanism using high-protein drink and an original risk attitude elicitation tool that allows parametric estimation of the components of Prospect Theory by using a convex budget line allocation methodology (Choi & al., 2007). The experiment (N=107) took place in the Social Sciences Experimental Lab (Xlab) at the University of California, Berkeley. Fasting requirement combined with the nutritional-shake tasting activity resulted in a successful manipulation of hunger. Our preliminary results suggest a limited impact of hunger on the utility function and loss aversion parameters. There could be a positive effect of hunger on the level of optimism (represented by the elevation of the probability weighting function) suggesting a lower risk aversion for hungry (fasting) individuals for small gain probabilities. These results have to be confirmed by further analysis.
Behavior Working Group
Du 18/01/2018 de 10:00 à 11:00
BOUACIDA Elias (PSE)
Pay-for-certainty, an experiment to elicit (in)complete preferences